Management of atmospheric pollutants from waste incineration processes: the case of Bozen

17 января 2013 . 16:30

Завод по сжиганию отходов Больцано (Италия) не является значимым источником выбросов диоксинов и взвешенных частиц. Альтернативные методы мониторинга выбросов дали аналогичный результат.

Abstract

This article presents the case study of a waste incinerator located in a region rich in natural and environmental resources, and close to the city of Bozen, where there are about 100,000 inhabitants. Local authorities paid special attention to the effect of the plant on human health and the surrounding environment. Indeed, among the measures adopted to control the emissions, in 2003 an automatic sampling system was installed specifically to monitor polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) emissions during the complete operation time of the plant. The continuous sampling system was coupled directly to aerosol spectrometers for the determination of fine and ultra-fine particles in the emissions of the plant. The measurement results suggest that the waste incineration plant of Bozen is not a significant source of PCDD/F, or fine and ultra-fine particles. Immission measurements from other monitoring systems confirmed these results.

References

Antunes P, Viana P, Vinhas T, Rivera J, Gaspar EMSM (2012) Emission profiles of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), dioxin-like PCBs and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) from secondary metallurgy industries in Portugal. Chemosphere 88: 1332–1339. Google Scholar Medline
Bakoglu M, Karademir A, Durmusoglu E (2005) Evaluation of PCDD/F levels in ambient air and soils and estimation of deposition rates in Kocaeli, Turkey. Chemosphere 59: 1373–1385. Google Scholar Medline
Brunner TJ, Wick P, Manser P, Spohn P, Grass RN, Limbach LK, . (2006). In vitro cytotoxicity of oxide nanoparticles: comparison to asbestos, silica, and the effect of particle solubility. Environmental Science & Technology 40: 4374–4381. Google Scholar Medline
Buonanno G., Scungio M, Stabile L, Tirler W (2012) Ultrafine particle emission from incinerators: The role of the fabric filter. Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association 62: 103–111. Google Scholar Medline
Caserini S, Cernuschi S, Giugliano M, Grosso M, Lonati G, Mattaini P (2004) Air and soil dioxin levels at three sites in Italy in proximity to MSW incineration plants. Chemosphere 54: 1279–1287. Google Scholar Medline
Consonni S, Giugliano M, Grosso M (2005) Alternative strategies for energy recovery from municipal solid waste: Part B: Emission and cost estimates. Waste Management 25: 137–148. Google Scholar Medline
Damgaard A, Riber C, Fruergaard T, Hulgaard T, Christensen TH (2010) Life-cycle-assessment of the historical development of air pollution control and energy recovery in waste incineration. Waste Management 30: 1244–1250. Google Scholar CrossRef, Medline
de Franceschi M, Zardi D (2009) Study of wintertime high pollution episodes during the Brenner-South ALPNAP measurement campaign. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics 103: 237–250. Google Scholar
de Franceschi M, Rampanelli G, Zardi D (2002) Further investigations of the Ora del Garda valley wind. In: Proceedings of the 10th AMS Conference on Mountain Meteorology and MAP Meeting 2002, 17–21 June 2002, Park City, UT, USA, pp. 30–33. Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society. Google Scholar
de Franceschi M, Zardi D, Tagliazucca M, Tampieri F (2009) Analysis of second order moments in the surface layer turbulence in an Alpine valley. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 135: 1750–1765. Google Scholar
Dipartimento di Ingegneria CIvile e Ambientale (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering) (eds) (2001) Study of the emissions, atmospheric diffusion and deposition of the pollutants emitted from the Bozen incinerator. Research report, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department Research, Faculty of Engineering, University of Trento, Italy. September
EPA (1994) Method 1613: tetra- through octa-chlorinated dioxins and furans by isotope dilution HRGC/HRMS. Google Scholar
Fruergaard T, Astrup T (2011) Optimal utilization of waste-to-energy in an LCA perspective. Waste Management 31: 572–582. Google Scholar CrossRef, Medline
Kahr G, Steiner T (2002a) Obtaining dioxin values with low uncertainty using automatic long-term-sampling equipment and data evaluation. Organohalogen Compounds 59: 97–100. Google Scholar
Kahr G, Steiner T (2002b) Application of continuous dioxin monitoring technique according the European standard at high dust levels At a brick production plant and calculation of the annual mass flow. Organohalogen Compounds 59: 101–102. Google Scholar
Larsen AW, Astrup T (2011) CO2 emission factors for waste incineration: Influence from source separation of recyclable materials. Waste Management 31: 1597–1605. Google Scholar Medline
Lemieux PM, Lutes CC, Santoianni DA (2004) Emissions of organic air toxics from open burning: a comprehensive review. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 30: 1–32. Google Scholar
Marculescu C (2012) Comparative analysis on waste to energy conversion chains using thermal-chemical processes. Energy Procedia 18: 604–611. Google Scholar
MCERTS (2010) Method implementation document (MID 1948) Part 2: Extraction and clean-up of PCDDs/PCDFs. London: Environment Agency.
Rada EC, Ragazzi M, Panaitescu V, Apostol T (2006) The role of bio-mechanical treatments of waste in the dioxin emission inventories. Chemosphere 62: 404–410. Google Scholar Medline
Rada EC, Ragazzi M, Zardi D, Laiti L, Ferrari A (2011) PCDD/F environmental impact from municipal solid waste bio-drying plant. Chemosphere 84: 289–295. Google Scholar Medline
Ragazzi M, Rada EC (2012) Multi-step approach for comparing the local air pollution contributions of conventional and innovative MSW thermo-chemical treatments. Chemosphere 89: 694–701. Google Scholar Medline
Rampanelli G, Zardi D, Rotunno R (2004). Mechanisms of up-valley winds. Journal of Atmospheric Sciences 61; 3097–3111. Google Scholar
Reinmann J (2002) Results of one year continuous monitoring of the PCDD/F emissions of waste incinerators in the Wallon region of Belgium with Ames. Organohalogen Compounds 59: 77–80. Google Scholar
Tirler W, Angelucci G, Bedin K, Voto G, Donegà M, Minach L (2007a) Active sampling and analysis of dioxins and polyaromatic hydrocarbons bound to fine particles in the vicinity of a municipal solid waste incinerator. Organohalogen Compounds 69: 2268–2271. Google Scholar
Tirler W, Angelucci G, Bedin K, Verdi L (2007b) Fine particles, ultra-fine and nano-particles in emission of a municipal solid waste incineration plant. Organohalogen Compounds 69: 1030–1033. Google Scholar
Tirler W, Donegà M, Voto G, Kahr G (2003) Quick evaluation of long term monitoring samples and the uncertainty of the results. Organohalogen Compounds 60: 509–512. Google Scholar
UNI (1999a) Stationary source emissions – determination of the mass concentration of PCDDs/PCDFs – Sampling. UNI EN 1948–1. Google Scholar
UNI (1999b) Stationary source emissions – determination of the mass concentration of PCDDs/PCDFs – extraction and clean-up. UNI EN 1948–2. Google Scholar
UNI (1999c) Stationary source emissions – determination of the mass concentration of PCDDs/PCDFs – identification and quantification. UNI EN1948-3. Google Scholar
Vilavert L, Nadal M, Schuhmacher M, Domingo JL (2012) Long-term monitoring of dioxins and furans near a municipal solid waste incinerator: Human health risks. Waste Management and Research 30: 908–916 . Google Scholar Abstract
Xu MX, Yan JH, Lu SY, Li XD, Chen T, Ni MJ, . (2009) Concentrations, profiles, and sources of atmospheric PCDD/Fs near a municipal solid waste incinerator in Eastern China. Environmental Science & Technology 43:1023–1029. Google Scholar Medline
Читать далее
Мусорные олигархи: почему...

За бурно растущие мусорные горы никто не отвечает, но скоро в этом дурно пахнущем бизнесе грядут изменения. У мусорной проблемы в прошлом году появился свой ответственный — Сергей Иванов. Контролировать весь мусорный бизнес, по задумке, должны будут специально отобранные государством компании....

19 Июня 2017
Опрос: 58% россиян считают,...

Более половины россиян (58%) считают, что экологическая обстановка в стране в последние годы ухудшается; их беспокоят мусор, свалки, грязные водоемы и плохая питьевая вода, следует из опроса фонда...

13 Сентября 2017
Long-term monitoring of...

Завод по сжиганию отходов в городе Таррагона (Испания) не несет рисков здоровью людей, проживающих поблизости. Риск онкологических заболеваний ниже уровня 10-6, что значительно ниже допустимого...

13 Апреля 2017
Сообщение